Shooto - tekst w j. angielskim

The term Shooto is derived from the combination of the Japanese characters "shu" and "to" (meaning "Learn Fighting"). It is both a sport and a contemporary Martial Art, which has firmly established itself as major player in the world of Full Contact Martial Arts Competition. As a system Shooto was developed in Japan during the early 1980’s. Its training regimen exhibits elements and techniques that can be found in Judo, Sambo, Muay Thai and Catch-as-catch-can (also known as Catch-Wrestling). Professional Shooto competition first took place in 1989. It has steadily grown in popularity in its homeland of Japan, as well as, over seas in Europe, Australia, Brazil and The United States. It is a very dynamic and exciting sport that has developed a reputation for having fast-paced bouts with plenty of action and technique.


Martial Arts Contributing to this Grappling Method

From Kali (Dumog) Concepts
Repetition to Internalize Flow Development
- “Play the Game" Mentality in Training
-Closed Circuit DrillsPattern Use/Recognition Weapons - Armed Encounter Considerations Structure of Abecedario, Sumbrada,
Numerado, Carenza Sumbrada Training (Counter for Counter Format)

Techniques
Kina Mutai Tactics Entries from Striking to Grappling Range

Training Methods
Hubad Drills Arm Control Game

From Jun Fan (JKD) Concepts
Personal Research/Exploration/Innovation as a Requirement for Training Personalized Solutions (Skill Level, Attribute Set, Lifestyle, Interests and Goals) Attribute before Technique - Attribute Development Mindset in

Training Identify - Learn - Use - Break the Pattern Progression

Techniques
Footwork and Movement

Training Methods
Interactive Focus Mitt Training Drills Conditioning

From Thai Boxing Concepts
Constant Guard against strikes Tools should fit the range

Techniques
Close Range Tools Shinning as a major weapon Foot sweeps from the Clinch

Training Methods
Prumb Drill Thai Pads - Conditioning Mindset

From Shoot Wrestling (Shooto) Concepts
Hitting and Grappling Combined Training Pain Tolerance and Injury Perspective Hitting from the Ground

Techniques
Shooting Groundwork Positions and Tactics Shoot Flows (Submissions) Specialty Locks (Those particular to Shooto)

Training Methods
Shoot Flows and “Moving" Sequences Arm, Neck, Grip Control Games Achilles Wars

From Brazilian JiuJitsu, Vale Tudo, Judo Concepts
Patience in Offence Efficiency through Relaxation Juji Dome - Less is More The Importance of Proper Conditioning

Techniques
Gi Tactics Bases for Striking from the Ground Choke Structure and Tactics

Movement Drills, Groundwork
Positions and Tactics Throws

Training Methods
Conditioning Methods Positional Sparring If - Then Examination
Martial Arts Contributing to this Grappling Method

From Letha Yoga Concepts
Concern for Personal and Partner’s well being in and after training Triangle of Progress in Martial Arts & Fitness Bandha/Steeling Oneself for Contact (Mindset Training) Positive Reinforcement Injury/Overtraining Assessment and Treatment

Techniques
Hip Flexor Series from Savasana Abdominal Series from PFDN Position Neck Series from Seated Position

Training Methods
Attention to Personal physical & psychological condition during and after training Attention to Partner’s physical & psychological condition during and after training

From Aikido Concepts
Perspectives in Combat - Seeing things through your Opponent’s eyes Confluence and Conflict Resolution

Techniques
Tenkan/Irimi Movement Leg Interceptions and Takedowns Self-Defense Methods (Grab Defense) Grounded Control Tactics (De-Escalate)

Training Methods
Basic Response Patterns Identification of Intention and Attention Wrist Stretches and Conditioning Breakfalls: Rolling and Ukemi

From Silat Concepts
“Prey" vs “Player" Mentality Weapons - Armed Encounter Considerations Structural Understanding of Base (Standing) and the Opportunities Created

Techniques
Harimau Takedowns (Kneeling vs. Standing, Prone vs. Standing) Locking from a Control Position

Training Methods
Balance Observation Drills

SLOWNIK POJEC

Americana Portuguese, V-Arm lock, sometimes referred to as a Key lock. Vernacular to Brazilian Jiu Jitsu.

Ankyo Japanese, Form Four wristlock position from Aikido.

Armbar A straight arm lock which typically causes pain or dysfunction through the hyper-extension of the elbow
joint.

Atemi Waza Japanese, Striking techniques.

Attribute A characteristic of a fighter or student, such as strength, speed, flexibility, endurance, etc.

Attribute Set The specific group of attributes which best suit a particular activity or mode of training.

Base The foundation of balance, includes points of support (foot positioning), momentum, external pressures,
as well as the height and positioning of the center of gravity.

Blood Choke A choke which causes unconsciousness through the interruption or restriction of blood to the brain,
starving it of oxygen.

Break! A command from a referee or senior student, requiring that both partners immediately stop their actions.

Breakfalls A means to land safely from a push, takedown or shove, often including slapping the floor or rolling. Also
known as “Educated falling."

Chin-na Cantonese, Refers to the collective techniques in all systems of Kung Fu which involve Locking, Pain
Compliance, Takedowns and Throws.

Choke A grappling attack involving the throat or neck. Choking falls into 2 categories, Pain chokes and Blood
chokes.

Clinch In fighting, a clinch is anytime when the opponents come into arms reach of each other, clasping for
control at the head, arms, shoulders or waist. This is often an appropriate distance and precursor for
throwing.

Closed Circuit Drill A drill which incorporates a cyclical or repeating pattern of movement between two bodies, one partner’s
actions perpetuating the other’s. Close circuit drills emphasize a sense of “Flow" and Kinesthetic
Awareness while reinforcing repetition and relaxation.

Elevator An attack at the opponent’s base from the Guard. At certain times in grappling, the practitioner who
secures the guard may have a foot between the legs of the opponent, using the knees to secure the
guard. With that foot in place, the leg of the opponent can be lifted to upset their balance and “Elevate"
their lower body.

Figure Four Grip By grabbing a limb of the opponent with one hand and encircling the limb grabbed with the other,
holding the wrist or forearm of the original hand, you have completed a Figure Four grip. This grip is
used to apply leverage or torque to a limb or joint. and is very secure.

Flow 1. A sense of play and immediacy in one’s response, doing exactly what is appropriate exactly when
it is appropriate. The ability to blend your movements with those of your opponent’s. 2. A sequential
series of techniques, movements or positions, designed to emulate an engagement with a live opponent.

Four Finger Grip Using only the fingers to grip a limb or lapel, keeping the thumb cupped to the hand.

Garame Japanese, Entagled hold.

Gatame Japanese, Lock or Hold Position.

Gi Japanese, a uniform designed to survive the rigors of training in grappling.

Going to the Ground This phrase refers to a response by one party to take a physical confrontation into a Ground Fight
situation.

Gooseneck A type of wristlock which applies pressure to the wrist by bending the palm and fingers towards the inner
forearm, often including some means of securing the elbow to work as a counter leverage point.

Grab Defense An aspect of Self-Defense training that deals specifically with a grabbing attack, often avoiding going
to the ground.

Ground & Pound A term used in Vale Tudo and NHB fighting which refers to the practice of taking one’s opponent to
the ground and securing a position from which to strike them repeatedly.

Ground Fight Ground Fighting is a scenario where both parties are in a prone or semi-prone position involving all
aspects of combat. See Vale Tudo.

Grappling An aspect of fighting which includes offensive and defensive tactics for locking, throwing, choking,
taking down, controlling and exhausting your opponent.

Guard A position of control in which the practitioner is on their back, with their opponent’s torso between
their legs, often used in Submission Wrestling.

Guillotine A type of choke which occurs when two parties are facing each other, the head of one in the armpit
of the other. Often referred to as a Front Headlock.

Hajime! Japanese, a command from a referree or senior student to Begin!.

Hammerlock An arm-down figure-4 lock of the arm which utilizes the leverage and positioning of the body in a
two-handed grip to apply torque and pressure to the shoulder of the opponent. Opposite of the V-
arm lock.

Harai Goshi Japanese, from Judo, sweeping loin throw.

Harimau A form of Silat which incorporates very low movements from a prone, kneeling or squatting position,
often attacking the legs and base of the opponent.

Hubud An aspect of Kali training which incorporates a rhythmic and cyclical exchange of trapping techniques,
designed to instill certain response patterns through high amounts of repetition. This is a closed-
circuit drill.

Ikkyo Japanese, Form One wristlock position from Aikido.

Irimi Japanese, A term used in Aikido, meaning to enter, or entering directly.

Jime Japanese, a Choke.

Juji Dome Japanese, “Less is more." A principle often applied to Martial Arts.

Juji Jime Japanese, Cross Armed Choke.

Kata- Japanese suffix, Shoulder, pertaining to the shoulder (for example,

Kata Tori - Shoulder Grab).

Katate Japanese, Wrist, pertaining to the wrist.

Katagame Japanese, Shoulder Choke. Also referred to as Kata Gatame.

Kesa Gatame Japanese, Scarf-Hold or Headlock position.

Keylock See V-Arm lock or Americana (synonymous terms).

Kimura See Ude Garame (synonymous terms). Vernacular to Brazilian Jiu

Jitsu, in honor of an opponent
who bested Helio Gracie in a much publicized fight.

Kinamutai An aspect of Kali which serves as a counter-grappling tactic, including the use of biting, pinching,
poking, prodding, fish hooking, tweaking, tickling, pressuring, leveraging, hair pulling, grinding, slapping,
clawing, gouging, yelling, and other methods for general misery. The philosophy is to make yourself
sharp, hard or painful to hold onto.

Kinesthetic Awareness The ability to percieve what your body is doing and what your opponent’s body is doing at any given
time, using only a sense of feel. This includes the ability to sense the opponent’s intentions.
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Knee Bar A leg lock which involves the hyper-extension of the leg at the knee.

Koho Japanese, To the rear, backwards.

Kotegaeshi Japanese, Wrist-turn out wristlock position from Aikido.

Kow Kit Tagaolog, An aspect of Kali which involves stepping on, around, behind or in front of the foot, sweeping,
tripping, and other means to offset a standing opponent’s base.

Kuzushi Waza Japanese, off-balancing techniques, the Stan-up game.

Locking A grappling attack where the joint(s) of a limb are taken to the extreme range of motion in a particular
direction so as to cause pain compliance or dysfunction.

Mata Leao Portuguese, Rear Naked Choke, a technique used in submission wrestling. Vernacular to Brazilian
Jiu Jitsu.

Mate! Japanese, see Break! (synonymous terms). Also a verbal means of Tapping.

Mount A kneeling position in which a practitioner has their opponent’s torso between their legs in order to
control hip movement and restrict the use of their lower body through and apply leverage.

Nage Japanese, a term used to describe two partners applying a technique. Between Nage and Uke, Nage
is the one who throws Uke.

Ne Waza Japanese, Ground Fighting techniques, the ground game.

Nerve Motor Point A system of Pressure points on the body which cause muscular dysfunction or numbing of the limbs
when activated.

NHB No-Holds-Barred, a format of submission wrestling.

Ni Mochi Japanese, Two-handed (two on one).

Nikkyo Japanese, Form Two wristlock position from Aikido.

O Goshi Japanese, from Judo, major hip throw.

O Soto Garai Japanese, from Judo, major outer reaping throw. (Outside leg takedown)

Open Circuit Drill This type of drill is a feed and response drill, where one partner feeds a particular stimulus and the
other responds in a prescribed manner, at which point the partners begin the drill again. An Open
Circuit drill is any drill in which the movements of the partners do not perpetuate each other.

Overhook To put the limb in question under your armpit.

Pain Compliance Gaining control of or limiting an opponent’s actions through the use of immediate and temporary pain,
or the threat thereof. The threat must be convincing, so the structure used to apply pressure to cause
the pain must be stable.

Pain Choke Any form of choke where the emphasis is on pressure against the trachea, causing a painful gagging
sensation. Pain chokes can be dangerous if applied carelessly, as the trachea can be damaged,
which may cause swelling and loss of consciousness.

Passing the Guard Any action that is used to get out from inside the control of your opponent’s legs when in their Guard.

Post Posting is a tactic of supporting one’s body weight on one or two primary points in preparation for
lifting your hips (and opponent) or pivoting around. Where you post is a matter of leverage and
strategy and is a crucial concept for maintaining your base.

Prumb A format for training in Muay Thai which incorporates the offensive and defensive aspects of kneeing,
elbowing, grappling, sweeping and throwing from a clinched position. Sometimes referred to as the
“Knee Dance."
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Pummeling Similar to Shooting, Pummeling involves working your Tie-ups, etc., to achieve the purchase you want
to take your man down. Greco-Roman wrestling is a masterful art in the area of pummeling.

Re-Guard To regain the Guard after your opponent has passed it.

Ryote Mochi Japanese, Two-handed.

Sacrificial Throw A Throw in which the initiator puts themselves on the ground in an attempt to throw the opponent over
them. Called Sacrificial because if it fails it puts the performer in a disadvantageous position.

Sankaku Jime Japanese, Triangle choke, a technique which is performed with the legs in a figure-4 position around
the neck and one arm of the opponent.

Sankyo Japanese, Form Three wristlock position from Aikido.

Savasana Sanskrit, the Corpse Position, or a prone, face up position, a term often used in Yoga.

Scoot See Shrimping (synonymous term).

Seiza Japanese, Traditional Kneeling position.

Shoot A very specific type of tackle designed to bring the receiver to the ground in a controlled fashion, often
targeting one or both legs. "Shooting" entails a sudden closing of range, accompanied by a change
of level. It can involve a drop step and coming down to one or both knees, or it can be done
in a step-in fashion without either knee touching the ground.

Shooto Japanese, official term for Shoot Wrestling.

Shrimping A method of movement primarily used in submission wrestling and other forms of wrestling where the
practitioner is on their back. This involves posting on the heel of one foot and the point of one shoulder,
then rotating the body around those two points to evacuate the hips from their position relative to the
opponent.

Sitting Thru A method of movement used in many grappling systems where the practitioner moves from a face
down position to a seated position, in such a manner as to apply the leverage of their body weight to
the opponent, pinning them in a balanced fashion.

Sprawl A form of movement that counters a Shoot, removing the legs from the reach of the opponent while
applying sudden weight to their head and shoulders, forcing them to the mat underneath you.

Straight Armlock See Armbar, Ude Gatame (synonymous terms).

Submission Wrestling A format of wrestling in which the primary goal is to submit through pain compliance or unconsciousness
(or the threat of) the opponent, using joint locks, chokes and sometimes striking. Vale Tudo, Brazilian
Jiu Jitsu, Shooto and Pankration are all forms of Submission Wrestling.

Suwari Waza Japanese, Kneeling Techniques, done from Seiza.

Sweep 1. Interruption of a footstep in progress. 2. A lifting of the foot to disrupt the opponent’s base. 3. A
palm-down block used to deflect while evading. 4. A means of flipping one’s opponent from your guard,
allowing you to assume a Mounted position.

Takedown A controlled manner of bringing one’s opponent to the ground through the use of leverage on the upper
body and a foot sweep or trip on the lower body.

Tenkan Japanese, A term used in Aikido, referring to a pivoting movement, dissolve, or elusive movement in
response to an opponent’s attack.

Throw A more ballistic and often damaging manner of bringing an opponent to the ground, often lifting them
from the ground entirely through use of the hip, shoulder, thigh, or very specific timing.

Tie-up See Clinch (synonymous term).

Tomoe Nage Japanese, From Judo, circle throw. A sacrificial throw involving throwing one's opponent over oneself
moving from standing to a prone position.

Tori Japanese, to Grab, a grabbing attack, sometimes spelled Dori.

Uchi Mata Japanese, from Judo, inner thigh sweep, a more ballistic throw.

Ude Japanese, Arm or Forearm.

Ude Garame Japanese, Entagled Armlock, see Figure Four.

Ude Gatame Japanese, Straight Armlock.

Uke Japanese, A term used to refer to one of two partners applying a technique. Between Uke and Nage,

Uke is the one who gets thrown by Nage, the “fall guy."

Ukemi Japanese, see Breakfall (synonymous term).

Umpa Vernacular to Brazilian JiuJitsu, A method of upsetting the base of one who has you in a Mounted position, which involves posting and lifting the hips while turning and pulling the opponent over you. A means to reverse the Mount or interrupt their ability to strike down on you by forcing them to reestablish their base.

Underhook Encircling a limb by first placing the limb above the shoulder or on top of the circlingt arm. Opposite of Overhook.

Ushiro Japanese, pertaining to the Back, behind.

V-Armlock An Arm-up Figure-Four lock of the arm which utilizes the leverage and positioning of the body in a two-handed grip to apply torque and pressure to the shoulder of the opponent. Vernacular to Shoot Wrestling.

Vale Tudo Portuguese, literally, “Anything Goes." A format of submission wrestling which is an offshoot of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu that makes use of kickboxing and ground fighting tactics such as striking with the hands, knees, elbows, feet and head. In Kali this is known as “Juego Todo."

“The Truth in Combat is different for each individual....Truth lies outside of All Fixed Patterns."
-Bruce Lee

Zmieniony przez - x-ray w dniu 2005-09-27 16:57:03